The difference between the administrator and the standard account in the vista system is

standard users: you can run most applications, and you can perform some normal operations on the system, such as modifying the time zone, running windows live messenger, and so on. The operation only affects the standard account itself.

Administrator: Has full access rights, and can perform arbitrary operations, including installing application software, modifying system time and other operations that require administrative rights. Impact on the entire computer and other users.

When a user logs in to the computer, the system creates an access token for the user. The access token contains information about the level of access granted to the user, including specific security identifiers (SIDs) and Windows permissions.
If the logged in user belongs to the Administrators group, Windows Vista creates two separate access tokens for the user: the standard user access token and the admin access token. The standard user access token contains the same user-specific information as the administrator access token, but has removed administrative Windows permissions and SIDs for launching applications that do not perform administrative tasks.
Users can view the current account type through the user account in the control panel