As computers get more and more deep into the lives and work of ordinary users, only the problems that professionals will encounter, such as configuring small (home) networks, now ordinary users It will also be encountered frequently. The Windows family of operating systems has always been known for its ease of use, trying to make complex tasks a simple operation. But sometimes, ease of use and security are conflicting. At the same time, because of the widespread use of the network, each Internet-connected PC is actually an Internet node, so security is a concern that every user must pay attention to. XP is the latest version of Windows and certainly the easiest to use operating system; on the other hand, many of the default settings used to improve ease of use pose a security risk. First, simple file sharing
In order to allow users on the network to achieve file sharing with just a few clicks of the mouse, XP has added a feature called "simple file sharing", but also opened many NetBiOS vulnerabilities. To turn off the simple file sharing function, open "My Computer", select the menu "Tools" → "Folder Options", click "View", and cancel "Use Simple File Sharing (Recommended)" in "Advanced Settings". Second, FAT32
Any new hard drive, many hard drives are formatted as FAT32. To improve security, you can convert the FAT32 file system to NTFS. NTFS allows for more comprehensive and fine-grained control over the permissions of files and folders. It can also use Encrypting File System (EFS) to ensure that data is not stolen from the file partition level. You can view the current file system of the drive by right-clicking on the drive in "My Computer" and selecting "Properties". If you want to convert the file system to NTFS, first backup the important files, select the menu "Start" → "Run", enter cmd, click "OK". Then, in the command line window, execute convert x: /fs:ntfs (where x is the drive letter of the drive). Third, the Guest account
Guest account is the so-called guest account, it can access the computer, but is restricted. Unfortunately, Guest has also opened the door for hacking. If you do not need to use the Guest account, it is best to disable it. In Win XP Pro, open "Control Panel" → "Administrative Tools" and click "Computer Management". In the list on the left, find "Local Users and Groups" and click on "Users". In the right pane, double-click the Guest account and select "Account is disabled." WinXP Home does not allow the Guest account to be deactivated, but allows the password to be set for the Guest account: first execute the Net user guest passWord command in the command line environment, then go to the Control Panel, User Settings, and set the password for the Guest account. Fourth, the Administrator account
One of the common means of hacking is to try to obtain the password of the Administrator account. At least one account per computer must have Administrator privileges, but not necessarily the name "Administrator". So, whether in XP Home or Pro, it's best to create another account with full privileges and then deactivate the Administrator account. Also, in WinXP Home, modify the default owner account name. Finally, don't forget to set a sufficiently complex password for all your accounts. 5. Exchange Files
Even if your operation is completely normal, Windows will leak important confidential data (including passwords). Maybe you will never think of looking at these leaked confidential documents, but hackers will definitely. The first thing you need to do is to ask the machine to clear the system's page file (swap file) when it is shut down. Click on the Windows Start menu, select Run, and execute Regedit. Locate HKEY_local_Machine\\system\\currentcontrolset\\control\\sessionmanager\\memory management in the registry, then create or modify ClearPageFileAtShutdown to set this DWord value to 1. Dump file
When the system encounters a serious problem, it will save the data in the memory to the dump file. The role of the dump file is to help people analyze the problems encountered by the system, but it is not useful to the average user; on the other hand, like swap files, the dump file may leak a lot of sensitive data. The procedure for prohibiting Windows from creating a dump file is as follows: Open "Control Panel" → "System", find "Advanced", and then click the "Settings" button under "Startup and Recovery" to write the "Write Debugging Information" column. Set to "(None)". Similar to dump files, Dr. Watson also saves debugging information when an application error occurs. The procedure for disabling Dr. Watson is to find HKEY_local_Machine\\software\\Microsoft\\WindowsNT\\CurrentVersion\\AeDebug in the registry and change the Auto value to "0". Then open Documents and Settings\\All Users\\Shared Documents\\DrWatson in Windows Explorer and delete the two files User.dmp and Drwtsn32.log. Seven, redundant services
For the convenience of users, WinXP has started a number of services that are not necessarily used by default, and also opened the back door of the intrusion system. If you don't need these services, it's best to turn them off: NetMeeting Remote Desktop Sharing, Remote Desktop Help Session Manager, Remote Registry, Routing and Remote Access, SSDP Discovery Service, telnet, Universal Plug and Play Device Host. Open "Control Panel" → "Administrative Tools" → "Services" to see the description and running status of these services. To close a service, simply right-click on the service name and select the "Properties" menu. In the "General" tab, change the "Startup Type" to "Manual" and click the "Stop" button.