Linux System Application Installation Guide

Using the Linux operating system, after installing the system, it is equipped with various commonly used software. Linux system integrates a lot of software, but for some customary windows file compatibility is not very good, so it is necessary to put some more comprehensive software or replace or supplement. Linux installation software feels very complicated, a software package has a way to install, unlike windows to find .exe everything is fine, and a lot of software must be very complicated to compile, configure, feel a big head, these days I The only job is to keep downloading and installing. Although open source is a temptation, it feels that no standardization of windows has greatly weakened the Linux market. Summarize some of the installation methods used in the past few days, in case of future.

1. rpm包

is a packaged installation format that Redhat provides. Generally, the installation is directly performed using the rpm command, which is relatively simple. The commonly used format is:

"rpm -ivh <filename>.rpm"

(-i is installation, -v is verification, -h is showing installation progress) < Br>

Uninstall is also a command is completed:

"rpm -e <software name>"

The software name here is not the same as the file name of the rpm package. Usually, the software version number is not included. You can view the installed rpm package first by using the rpm command, and then uninstall the software in the list.

Second, deb package

It is a compiled package format provided by Debain Linux. The installation method is similar to rpm.

"dpkg -i .deb"

"dpkg -e <software name>"

Three, tarball

This installation package It is a tarball tarball package for Unix. Sometimes it will add .bz2, .gz and other extensions to .tar after 2 times. Most of these packages provide source code, which is the most open (you can choose to even modify the module, not limited to a release), but the installation and uninstallation is also the most problematic. The general steps for installing a tarball are as follows:

1: Decompress the tarball - "tar -xvzf tarball name" or "tar -xvzf tarball name" (-z is called gzip decompression, -x is decompression , -v is the checksum, -f is the result of the display file, -y is the decompression of the call bzip2)

2: Configure the installation option - "./configure", generally configure the installation path with the prefix parameter, other The parameters are also useful.

3: Compile the installation file - "make".

4: Installation - "make install"

5: Clear the temporary files generated by the installation - "make clean"

Some software does not completely follow this step, ( For example, luma qq can be directly executed after decompression. /lumaqq can run, a bit like the green software of windows) If the English pass is best to read the intall file or readme file in the compressed package. In general, the installed executable files will be stored in the /usr/local/bin directory, but they are not unique. You should read these two files carefully.

Uninstall the tarball to enter the installation directory to execute "make uninstall". If the software does not provide uninstall, you must manually delete "rm -rf" if the files are scattered in multiple directories of the system, unless All paths are remembered during installation, otherwise it is difficult to clean up.

Fourth, installation script

At present, some software provides SHELL script for installation and uninstallation. Just run install.sh or even download the software directly from the website and install it locally. Run uninstall.sh at the same time. Just uninstall the software.

Installation and configuration methods for some commonly used software

Linux is very important to find a suitable and complete application software version. I have a deep understanding of this. I have not installed many things. But in the past few days, I have tried various versions, and some will cause software conflicts. Some of them have found that there are no legendary functions and plug-ins. There are many distributions of linux, and various experiences and experiences vary from person to person.