The best solution for hard disk partitioning under Linux

Before partitioning the hard disk, you should first understand the workload of the computer and the capacity of the hard disk, and also consider the following issues.

The first and most important point is to know the version of LILO currently installed, because LILO2.21 and earlier versions have restrictions on the size of the hard disk. If LILO is installed outside the 1023 track, that is, 8G space, LILO Can't start. However, some older BIOS machines still cannot break the 1024 track limit, so these BIOSes cannot recognize more than 1024 hard disk space.

issues also need to be considered are:

· whether to limit the amount of disk space available to the user?

· What software needs to be installed in the system?

· How large is the swap partition?

· Does the system have multiple hard disks?

Below, we made a number of recommendations by the nature of work of different systems division of the district. Of course, according to the actual situation, under the premise of meeting the system work requirements, the following partition size can also be flexibly changed. Suppose the size of the hard disk partition scheme
workstation system is substantially

10G.

/boot 20M

Swap 128M

/root 9.85G

Create a 20M /boot partition to avoid putting system kernel files into 1024 Outside the track, if /boot is used as a subdirectory of the root partition, the kernel file will be installed anywhere in the root partition. Because the size of the hard disk exceeds 8G, there may be problems at startup. It is recommended to set the size of the swap partition to twice the memory. Here we assume that the system's memory is 64M. Finally, we gave the entire space of the hard disk to the root partition.

Red Hat Linux 6.2 and its earlier versions of the basic server hard disk partitioning scheme
Here we assume that only a few common services, such as WWW services and FTP services, through telnet There are very few users logged in. Assume that its hard disk size is 25G.

/boot 20M

Swap 128M

/10G

/home 13G

/var 2G

Create a 20M /boot partition at the top of the hard disk for the same reason. The size of the swap partition is also 128M because the size of the memory is 64M.

/, that is, the root partition is set to 10G so large because there is a /usr directory, this directory may take up a lot of hard disk space, especially when installing X Server, running the graphical interface application .

/home partition is the largest hard disk partition, which seems to assume that the system we are somewhat contradictory small number of users. There are actually not a few user directories in the /home directory, but in Red Hat 6.2 and earlier, the Apache server and the wu-ftpd FTP server are placed in the /home/httpd and /home/ftp directories. . So this partition is so big for a reason.

Finally, /var directory alone takes up a partition, because all the system logs are written under /var /log directory, which will take up much hard disk space. If the system log is recorded in great detail, the entire directory will be filled up quickly, causing the system to work sluggishly. Of course, you can modify the log configuration through the syslog daemon syslogd to avoid this.

Red Hat 7 and above the basic server partitioning scheme
this case the same as the case of the previous program, the difference is LINUX version of the Red Hat 7.0 and above.

/boot 20M

Swap 128M

/10G

/var 15G

Unlike RedHat6, HTTP service in RedHat7 and The directory for the FTP service is now located at /var/www/and /var/ftp/, so it's not hard to understand if the /var partition is 15G.

multiuser server
partitioning scheme in which a server system, a plurality of users simultaneously accessing the system remotely by telnet, ssh, rlogin, or mode. There are three 35G hard drives in the system, for a total of 105G of disk space. RAID 5 technology is used in the system for data redundancy. In this case, the administrator must allocate disk space for each user. For RedHat 6.2 and earlier, the partition is as follows:

Disk 1:

/boot 20M

/4G

/var 3GB

/home 27.98G

Disk 2:

swap 20MB

/4GB

/var 3GB

/home 27.98 GB

Disk 3:

swap 20MB

/4GB

/var 3GB

/home 27.98GB

Reasons for this partition: First, the 20M /boot partition on Disk1 does not belong to any RAID array. Otherwise, if you put /boot into the RAID array, you will not be able to upgrade the system kernel in the future.

order to facilitate the management, the establishment of a swap partition 20M hard drive in the other two. Such servers are generally equipped with more than 1G of memory, so the size of the swap partition is not a problem. If you increase the swap partition, it will reduce the RAID partition space, so 20M is enough. The RAID partitions are grouped as follows:

· 1-A, 2-A, and 3-A together form an 8G RAID 5 drive, which is opened as /root.

· 1-B, 2-B, and 3-B form a 6GB RAID 5 drive as the /var directory.

· 1-C, 2-C, and 3-C form a 55.96GB RAID 5 drive, as the /home. directory.

This allocation scheme a total of 55.96G of space allocated to all users and Apache, and FTP services, in /var space used by 6G logs, e-mail, so much space is enough.

If you install or later Red Hat7, should be given /partition more space var, because it also kept the two directories WEB and FTP services.