Deploying Windows 2003 DHCP

The size of the network managed in the morning is rapidly expanding and the number of computers is increasing. In order to get the job done, the morning morning constantly uses the free time to "charge". On this day, he learned from some information that in a network with a large number of computers, the DHCP service can be used to automatically assign an IP address to the client computer, which saves the trouble of manually configuring the IP address. I think this morning is not bad, so it will definitely reduce the workload. Although I have already had a certain understanding of DHCP in the morning by reading the data, I dare not do it easily because I have no practical experience. Fortunately, our master Ayi is hand-in-hand to guide...

Preparing to install
Auntie is a skilled technologist who always prepares for the goal to be achieved before each actual operation. Of course, this time is no exception. Aunt first asked for a server with Windows Server 2003 to deploy the DHCP service in the morning, and also assigned a static IP address (such as "10.115.223.1") to the server in the morning. In addition, according to the number of client computers in the same subnet in the network, Ayi and Chenchen initially determined a range of IP addresses as the scope of DHCP.

Auntie: DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is one of the service components built into Windows 2000 Server and Windows Server 2003 systems. The DHCP service automatically assigns TCP/IP configuration information (such as IP address, subnet mask, default gateway, and DNS server address) to client computers on the network, helping network administrators eliminate the need to manually configure related options.

Installing the DHCP Service
The DHCP service is not installed by default in the Windows Server 2003 system. Therefore, the DHCP service is started in the morning under the guidance of Auntie.

Step 1 Double-click the "Add or Remove Programs" icon in the "Control Panel" and click the "Add/Remove Windows Components" button on the left side of the opened window to open the "Windows Components Wizard" dialog box.

Step 2 Locate and check the "Network Services" checkbox in the "Components" list and click the "Details" button to open the "Network Services" dialog. Then select the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) check box in the "Sub-components of Network Services" list, click the "OK → Next" button to start configuring and installing the DHCP service. Finally click the "Finish" button to complete the installation (Figure 1).

Auntie: If you are deploying a DHCP server in an Active Directory domain, you need to authorize the DHCP server to take effect. The network in this example is based on the workgroup management mode, so the operation of creating IP scopes can be performed without authorization.

Creating an IP Scope
The morning's acceptance of new technologies is very strong, and the installation of the DHCP service is completed in threes and fives. Aunt reminds me that in the morning, if you want to automatically assign an IP address to all client computers on the same subnet, the first thing to do is to create an IP scope, which is why you determine an IP address as an IP scope in advance. Under the guidance of the aunt, the operation of creating an IP scope began again in the morning.

Step 1 Click Start→Administrative Tools→DHCP to open the DHCP console window. Right-click the DHCP server name in the left pane and execute the New Scope command (Figure 2).

Figure 2 New Scope

Step 2 Click the “Next” button in the “New Scope Wizard” dialog that opens to open the “Domain Name” wizard page. . Type a name (such as "CCE") and a descriptive message for the scope in the Name box and click the Next button.

Tip: The scope name here only serves as a logo, basically no practical application.
Step 3 Open the “IP Address Range” wizard page and type the predetermined IP address range in the “Start IP Address” and “End IP Address” edit boxes respectively (in this example, “10.115.223.2～10.115. 223.254"). Next you need to define a subnet mask to determine the number of bits in the IP address for the Network/Subnet ID. As the network environment of this example is a subnet in the metropolitan area network, adjust the value of the "Length" spin box to "23" and click the "Next" button (Figure 3).

FIG. 3 determines the IP address range

Step 4 In the "Add negative" wizard page to specify excluded IP addresses or IP address range. Since several IP addresses have been used in the morning as static IP addresses for other servers, they need to be excluded. Type the excluded IP address in the Start IP Address edit box and click the Add button. Repeat the operation, then click the "Next" button (Figure 4).

Step 5 In the "Lease Term" wizard page that opens, the IP address used by the client is limited to 8 days by default. If there are no special requirements to keep the default values, click the "Next" button.

Step 6 Open the Configure DHCP Options wizard page and leave the Yes, I want to configure these options now check box and click the Next button. In the "Router (Default Gateway)" wizard page that opens, type the gateway address (in this case, "10.115.223.254") and click the "Add → Next" button.

Step 7 There are no settings in the Open Domain Name and DNS Server wizard page because the DNS server is not installed on the network and has not been upgraded to domain management mode. Click the Next button and skip the WINS Server wizard page to open the Activation Scope wizard page. Keep the "Yes, I want to activate this scope now" radio button to select the state, and then click the "Next" → "Finish" button to end the configuration.

Setting the DHCP Client
After installing the DHCP service and creating the IP scope, I thought I was done in the morning. However, Auntie reminded: "If you want to use DHCP to assign an IP address to the client computer, in addition to a DHCP server in the network, the client computer should also have the ability to automatically obtain an IP address from the DHCP server. These client computers It is called a DHCP client."

Auntie came to a client computer running Windows XP in the morning to make the following settings: Right click on the "My Network Places" icon on the desktop and execute the "Properties" command. Open the Local Area Connection Properties dialog by right-clicking the Local Area Connection icon in the Open Network Connections window and executing Properties. Then double-click the "Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)" option, click the "Obtain an IP address automatically" radio button, and then click the "OK" button.

Auntie: By default, the client computer uses the method of automatically obtaining the IP address. Generally, there is no need to modify it. Just check it.

At this point, the DHCP server and client have all been set up. In the case that the DHCP server is running normally, the client that is powered on for the first time will automatically obtain an IP address and have an eight-day lifespan.
Modifying the lease term
Although the deployment of the DHCP server was successful, it was already guilty in the morning. After obtaining an IP address, the client has only 8 days of use, and after the deadline, it has to re-apply for a new IP address. Frequent IP address changes will definitely cause trouble for management. Can the client have permanent access to the IP address after obtaining an IP address? It seems that the morning dawn began to brainstorm, which made the aunt very happy. Aunt said: "As long as the 'lease term' is set to 'unlimited', the problem can be solved." Expand the Server Name directory in the DHCP console window, then right-click the Scope CCE option and execute the Properties command. Click the "Unlimited" radio button in the properties dialog that opens and click the "OK" button.

Under the guidance of Auntie, the basic configuration method of the DHCP server has been mastered in the morning. Finally, Auntie concluded that there are still a lot of knowledge about DHCP, such as backup and restore of DHCP server database, DHCP reservation, reconstruction of corrupted DHCP server and other important operations need to be gradually mastered in the future. In the morning, I nodded and said, "I really listen to Jun, and I will win ten years of books!"