Although many readers know the term NTFS, but the details of it seem to understand, such as: Some people think that NTFS does not support the game, what is its security? The place, that is, the use seems to have no feeling. This article will give you a satisfactory answer about NTFS.
First, what is the file system and NTFS
First, readers need to clarify some misunderstandings of the file system, it is often saying, "My hard drive is FAT32 format," " C drive is NTFS format, etc. The error is that NTFS or FAT32 is not a format, but a system for managing files. Secondly, the hard disk that you just bought does not have a file system. You must use FDISK or Windows 2000/XP partitioning tool. After partitioning and formatting it, there will be a system for managing files, so the file system is the corresponding partition, not the hard disk, whether it is dividing the hard disk into one partition or several partitions. For
popular metaphor, a hard drive is like a piece of open space, like a file of different materials, we first have to build a warehouse (partition) on the ground, and designated good (format) of material warehouse The management specification (file system) so that materials can be shipped to the warehouse for storage. Systemic effects
file is not affected by the partition of the file, the same as a car tire warehouse in A may be directly heap on the floor, while the B warehouse will be hung on the wall, just a different placement and management of it Therefore, files on NTFS partitions and FAT32 partitions can be moved between partitions at will, and the content will not be any different.
NTFS full name in English "NT File System", the Chinese word for NT file system (right-click "Properties" in the "My Computer" in the pop-up window you can see the file system information). It was born with Windows NT 4.0 in July 1996, but it was not until Windows 2000 that it began to be promoted among individual users and entered the ranks of the main partition file system. Today, Windows XP/2003 and NTFS have long been "like glue".
we know, had appeared for FAT16 FAT32 file system, it can be said to have a relatively significant improvement, but improvement FAT32 to NTFS, you have to use the "excellent" to describe it.
NTFS partition maximum limit has been reached 2TB (1TB = 1024GB), from birth to now has gone through several versions, Windows NT4.0 in version 1.2, Windows 2000 is 3.0, Windows XP 3.1. To see the current NTFS version number, just type "fsutil fsinfo ntfsinfo c:" at the command prompt (C is the partition drive letter).
Tips
Common File System
FAT12: is the file system used by MS-
DOS
1.0 in IBM's first personal computer. Used for floppy disks. This system limits the partition size to a maximum of 16MB - but this is not a problem at all, because the floppy disk capacity never reaches 16MB.
FAT16: It was a lot of operating system support, compatibility best, but partitions only to 2GB, and quite serious waste of space. And because the FAT16 file system is a single-user file system, it does not support any security and long file names.
FAT32: It is developed on the basis of FAT16. With the release of Windows 95 OSR2, it can be supported by most operating systems. FAT32 utilizes hard disk space more effectively than FAT16, and the maximum partition limit has reached 32GB. Suitable for general household use.
ISO9660: CD-ROM file system, but has now been extended a lot of new file system, some shortcomings were to make up for it, such as JulIEt and so on.
UDF: read-write CD-ROM file system.
Mac HFS: Apple's file system, there is better support for large-capacity disk. However, most Apple computers still use the FAT32 file system.
two, four advantages breakdown NTFS 1.
file system includes an error warning
NTFS partition, beginning of a partition boot sector 16 The sector, which holds the partition boot code, is followed by the Master File Table (MFT), but if the disk sector it is in is just damaged, the NTFS file system will intelligently switch the MFT to the hard disk. Other sectors ensure the normal use of the file system, which is to ensure the normal operation of Windows. The FAT (file allocation table) of the previous FAT16 and FAT32 can only be fixed behind the partition boot sector. Once the sector is damaged, the entire file system will be paralyzed.
but this smart mobile MFT approach is not perfect, of course, if the partition boot code that points to a part of the MFT error occurs, the NTFS file system will not know where to look MFT, which will report "no disk format "This error message." In order to avoid such problems, the partition boot code will contain a checksum program, which is responsible for debugging.
2. file read speeds and more efficient!
I am afraid that many people have heard about the NTFS file system has many new features in terms of safety, but could you know: NTFS also greatly improved over the FAT32 file processing speed on it?
of DOS
get to know readers will be familiar with a variety of file attributes: read-only, hidden, system. These properties still exist in the NTFS file system, but they are very different. Here, everything is an attribute, and even the content of the file is an attribute. The list of these properties is not fixed and can be added at any time, which is why you will see more properties on the NTFS partition.
NTFS file system file attributes can be divided into two types: resident and non-resident property attributes, resident property stored directly in the MFT as a file name and time related information (such as creation time, modification time, etc.) Always a resident attribute, the non-resident attribute is stored outside of the MFT, but is indexed using a sophisticated indexing method. If the file or folder is less than 1500 bytes (in fact, there are quite a few files or folders of this size in our computer), then all their properties, including the content, will be resident in the MFT, and the MFT will start when Windows starts. Loaded into memory, so when you look at these files or folders, their content is already in the cache, which greatly improves the access speed of files and folders.
Tips
Why FAT is not as efficient as NTFS
FAT file system file allocation table can only list the name and starting cluster of each file, and There is no indication that this file exists, but needs to be judged by the record of the folder in which it is located, and the folder entry is included in the index of the file allocation table. Therefore, when accessing the file, first read the file allocation table to determine that the file already exists, then read the file allocation table again to find the first cluster of the file, and then find all the storage clusters of the file through chain search, and finally determine access.
3. disk self-healing capabilities
NTFS used a "self-healing" system that can automatically detect and fix logical errors and physical errors on the hard disk. In the FAT16 and FAT32 era, we need to use the Scandisk program to mark bad sectors on the disk, but when an error is found, the data is often written on the bad sector, and the loss has been caused.
The NTFS file system does not. Whenever reading and writing, it checks whether the sector is correct or not. When an error is found while reading, NTFS will report the error; when an error is found while writing a file to the disk, NTFS will intelligently exchange the data in a well-placed location, and the operation will not be affected. In both cases, NTFS will mark the bad sectors in case they are used in the future. This mode of operation allows disk errors to be discovered earlier, avoiding catastrophic incidents. After
Some people find that when the disk is converted to NTFS file system, use ScanDisk is difficult to find a disk error. After the introduction, do you know why this is?
4. "disaster relief" event log function
in the NTFS file system, any operation can be seen as an "event." For example, copying a file from the C drive to the D drive, the entire copy process is an event. The event log always supervises the entire operation. When it finds the complete file in the target D-disk, it will record the next "completed" tag. If the copy is interrupted in the middle, the event log will not record "completed", NTFS can re-complete the previous event after the call. The role of the event log is not that it can recover the loss, but that it supervises all events, so that the system always knows which tasks have been completed, and those tasks have not been completed, ensuring that the system will not be disrupted by unexpected events such as power outages, to the maximum extent. Reduced destructiveness.
5. Do I need any additional features?
In fact, NTFS also provides a disk compression, data encryption, disk quotas (right-click "My Computer" in the partition and parallel "Properties", go to "quota" tab to set), dynamic disks Management and other functions, these features are introduced in many newspapers and magazines, and will not be described in detail here.
NTFS provides settings for different users different access control, privacy and security management capabilities. If your system is in a stand-alone environment, such as a home computer, then these features don't make much sense to you.
Tips
over the conversion from FAT NTFS, performance discount
If the partition from FAT32 to NTFS file system (using the command "CONVERT drive letter /FS:NTFS"), not only does MFT be prone to disk fragmentation, but even worse, disk defragmentation tools often fail to organize the MFTs in these partitions, seriously affecting system performance. Therefore, it is recommended to format the partition directly into an NTFS file system.
three of the seven hot spots Q & NTFS
1. NTFS is not necessarily more efficient than FAT32, why do I feel it? Thus
certainly not be generalized, since the speed differential operation NTFS and FAT often only a single file in milliseconds. Generally, it is undetectable. If the hard disk is small and the file operations are infrequent, the difference is not obvious. However, as the hard disk moves toward 200GB, the chances of the computer performing multitasking at the same time increase, and the difference will become more and more obvious.
the same time, the NTFS MFT is equivalent to a small database, so the hardware also have higher requirements, but also for smaller FAT32 partition it more efficient but not as good, therefore, whether to use the NTFS file system as well as the following note point:
★ Microsoft recommended partition larger than 32GB is best to use NTFS file system, and in Windows XP, after more than a partition numbers can not be formatted as FAT32 file system. The expert's suggestion is that FAT32 will be more efficient when the partition is below 8GB. When partitioning is 16GB or higher, it is better to choose NTFS file system. For partitions from 8GB to 16GB, it depends on your own preferences.
★ hard disk rotational speed preferably above 5400, CPU clock speed is not lower than 700MHz, the memory not less than 256MB.
2. How to view the contents of an NTFS partition in Windows 98?
It is recommended that you use NTFS Reader for DOS
(download address: http://www.onlinedown.Net/soft/10162.htm
), it can be < U>DOS
View and copy files in the NTFS partition. In addition, you can also download